Extension Ladder Setup and Use
Overview
Extension ladders enable access to high areas but require proper setup and technique to use safely. Correct positioning, securing, and climbing techniques prevent the tipping, sliding, and falling incidents that commonly occur with extension ladders.
Why This Is Important
Extension ladder falls cause some of the most severe injuries because of the heights involved. Ladders that slip, tip, or aren’t properly secured cause workers to fall significant distances, often while carrying tools or materials. These falls result in catastrophic injuries including traumatic brain injuries, spinal damage, and death. Understanding the 4-to-1 ratio, proper tie-off techniques, and three-point contact prevents most extension ladder incidents. Taking time to set up ladders correctly is a small investment that prevents enormous consequences.
Best Practices & Safety Tips
- Position extension ladders at the proper 4-to-1 angle: base should be 1 foot away from the wall for every 4 feet of ladder height.
- Extend the ladder top at least 3 feet above the landing or roof edge you’re accessing.
- Secure the ladder at the top to prevent sideways movement—tie off to solid structures whenever possible.
- Ensure ladder feet are on firm, level ground and use stabilizers or leg levelers on uneven surfaces.
- Inspect ladder locks and ensure both fly sections are properly engaged and locked before climbing.
- Have a coworker foot the ladder at the base when you can’t secure it at the top.
- Face the ladder and maintain three points of contact while climbing—don’t carry tools in your hands.
- Never stand on the top three rungs of an extension ladder—work from a safe height with room above.
- Position ladders away from doors and high-traffic areas, or post guards and barricades.
- Check weather conditions—don’t use ladders in high winds, ice, or rain that could cause loss of control.
Discussion Questions
- What challenges do you face when setting up extension ladders properly?
- How can we improve securing ladder tops on our job sites?
- What alternative access methods might be safer for repetitive tasks at height?
- How comfortable are you using the 4-to-1 rule to position ladders correctly?
- What near-misses with extension ladders have you witnessed or experienced?
Takeaway
Extension ladders provide essential access to high areas but demand respect and proper technique. By positioning ladders correctly, securing them properly, and climbing carefully, we prevent serious falls and ensure everyone works safely at heights.